{"id":74924,"date":"2026-10-01T07:33:38","date_gmt":"2026-10-01T05:33:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.aeemt.org\/web\/?page_id=74924"},"modified":"2026-10-01T07:33:38","modified_gmt":"2026-10-01T05:33:38","slug":"revision-1-mdt-vol-35-n03-septiembre-2026","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.aeemt.org\/web\/revision-1-mdt-vol-35-n03-septiembre-2026\/","title":{"rendered":"Revisi\u00f3n 1 MDT Vol 35 N03 Septiembre 2026"},"content":{"rendered":"

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De la Gesti\u00f3n de la Incapacidad a la Gesti\u00f3n de la Capacidad: Repensando el Modelo Espa\u00f1ol de Incapacidad Temporal<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row rt_row_background_width=\u00bbdefault\u00bb rt_row_style=\u00bbdefault-style\u00bb rt_row_borders=\u00bb\u00bb rt_row_paddings=\u00bbtrue\u00bb rt_bg_effect=\u00bbclassic\u00bb rt_bg_image_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb rt_bg_size=\u00bbcover\u00bb rt_bg_position=\u00bbright top\u00bb rt_bg_attachment=\u00bbscroll\u00bb rt_bg_video_format=\u00bbself-hosted\u00bb][vc_column rt_wrp_col_paddings=\u00bbfalse\u00bb rt_border_top=\u00bb\u00bb rt_border_bottom=\u00bb\u00bb rt_border_left=\u00bb\u00bb rt_border_right=\u00bb\u00bb rt_border_top_mobile=\u00bb\u00bb rt_border_bottom_mobile=\u00bb\u00bb rt_border_left_mobile=\u00bb\u00bb rt_border_right_mobile=\u00bb\u00bb rt_bg_image_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb rt_bg_size=\u00bbauto auto\u00bb rt_bg_position=\u00bbright top\u00bb rt_bg_attachment=\u00bbscroll\u00bb][vc_column_text css=\u00bb\u00bb]<\/p>\n

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N\u00famero de la Revista: Vol. 35 – n\u00ba 03- Septiembre 2026<\/p>\n

Secci\u00f3n:<\/strong>\u00a0Revisi\u00f3n<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00edtulo: De la Gesti\u00f3n de la Incapacidad a la Gesti\u00f3n de la Capacidad: Repensando el Modelo Espa\u00f1ol de Incapacidad Temporal<\/strong><\/p>\n

Autores:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pablo Llamas Bl\u00e1zquez(1)<\/sup>, Luis Reinoso Barbero(2)<\/sup><\/strong>
\n1<\/sup><\/em>Servicio de Prevenci\u00f3n de Riesgos Laborales. Hospital Universitario Ram\u00f3n y Cajal. Servicio Madrile\u00f1o de Salud <\/em>\u00a0<\/sup><\/em>(SERMAS). Madrid, Comunidad de Madrid, Espa\u00f1a. Categor\u00eda profesional: M\u00e9dico Interno Residente de Medicina del Trabajo. ORCID: 0009-0007-3290-3553<\/em>
\n2<\/sup><\/em>\u00c1rea M\u00e9dica, Servicio de Prevenci\u00f3n Mancomunado. Endesa. Madrid, Comunidad de Madrid, Espa\u00f1a. Categor\u00eda <\/em>\u00a0<\/sup><\/em>profesional: Especialista en Medicina del Trabajo. Director M\u00e9dico y Responsable del \u00c1rea M\u00e9dica del Servicio\u00a0 de Prevenci\u00f3n Mancomunado de Endesa. ORCID: 0000-0001-8761-6382<\/em><\/p>\n

Correspondencia:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pablo Llamas Bl\u00e1zquez <\/em><\/strong>
\nDirecci\u00f3n postal:\u00a0 Hospital Universitario Ram\u00f3n y Cajal, Ctra. de Colmenar Viejo km 9,100,\u00a0 28034 Madrid, Espa\u00f1a.
\nCorreo electr\u00f3nico: pablollamas24699@gmail.com<\/a><\/p>\n

Palabras Clave<\/strong>: Retorno al trabajo; Medicina del trabajo; Incapacidad temporal; Evaluaci\u00f3n de la capacidad de trabajo; Absentismo.<\/p>\n

Keywords<\/strong>: Return to Work; Occupational Medicine; Sick Leave; Work Capacity Evaluation; Absenteeism.<\/p>\n

Cita Art\u00edculo<\/strong>: Pablo Llamas Bl\u00e1zquez et al. De la Gesti\u00f3n de la Incapacidad a la Gesti\u00f3n de la Capacidad: Repensando el Modelo Espa\u00f1ol de Incapacidad Temporal. Rev Asoc Esp Espec Med Trab 2026; 35(2):367-374<\/p>\n

Acceso al PDF:

PDF del Art\u00edculo<\/strong><\/a><\/div>\n

RESUMEN.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Objetivos:<\/strong> Analizar las limitaciones conceptuales del modelo espa\u00f1ol de incapacidad temporal (IT) y proponer su evoluci\u00f3n hacia una gesti\u00f3n de la capacidad funcional liderada por el m\u00e9dico del trabajo.<\/p>\n

Material y M\u00e9todos:<\/strong> Revisi\u00f3n narrativa de la evidencia sobre retorno al trabajo, de la normativa espa\u00f1ola de IT y prevenci\u00f3n, y de los modelos neerland\u00e9s (Wet Verbetering Poortwachter) y alem\u00e1n (\u00a7 167 SGB IX), desde el marco biopsicosocial de la CIF.<\/p>\n

Resultados:<\/strong> El sistema espa\u00f1ol fragmenta responsabilidades entre atenci\u00f3n primaria, mutuas e INSS y carece de instrumentos para graduar la capacidad residual; los modelos con hitos obligatorios de intervenci\u00f3n temprana y participaci\u00f3n del m\u00e9dico del trabajo logran mejores reincorporaciones.<\/p>\n

Conclusiones:<\/strong> Se proponen tres funciones: perfil funcional del puesto, evaluaci\u00f3n de la capacidad residual y coordinaci\u00f3n del retorno progresivo. Su viabilidad exige desarrollar el art\u00edculo 39 del Reglamento de los Servicios de Prevenci\u00f3n, garantizar la interoperabilidad y prever soluciones para pymes.<\/p>\n

Title: <\/strong>FROM DISABILITY MANAGEMENT TO CAPACITY MANAGEMENT: RETHINKING THE SPANISH TEMPORARY <\/strong>SICK LEAVE MODEL<\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Objectives:<\/strong> To analyse the conceptual limitations of the Spanish temporary sick leave (TSL) model and to propose its evolution towards functional capacity management led by the occupational physician.<\/p>\n

Material and Methods:<\/strong> Narrative review of the evidence on return to work, of Spanish sick leave and occupational health regulations, and of the Dutch (Wet Verbetering Poortwachter) and German (\u00a7 167 SGB IX) models, read through the biopsychosocial framework of the WHO ICF.<\/p>\n

Results:<\/strong> The Spanish system fragments responsibilities among primary care, mutual insurance bodies and the National Social Security Institute, and lacks instruments to grade residual work capacity; systems with mandatory early-intervention milestones and occupational physician involvement achieve better return-towork outcomes.<\/p>\n

Conclusions:<\/strong> Three functions are proposed: early functional job profiling, residual capacity assessment and coordination of progressive return. Their feasibility requires developing article 39 of the Spanish Prevention Services Regulation, ensuring information interoperability and providing solutions for small enterprises.<\/p>\n

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