{"id":74909,"date":"2026-10-01T06:16:59","date_gmt":"2026-10-01T04:16:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.aeemt.org\/web\/?page_id=74909"},"modified":"2026-10-01T06:16:59","modified_gmt":"2026-10-01T04:16:59","slug":"original-7-mdt-vol-35-n03-septiembre-2026","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.aeemt.org\/web\/original-7-mdt-vol-35-n03-septiembre-2026\/","title":{"rendered":"Original 7 MDT Vol 35 N03 Septiembre 2026"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u00cdndice de Incidencia Ajustado por Subsectores y Corregido por Infradeclaraci\u00f3n (ICAS): propuesta metodol\u00f3gica para la comparabilidad real de la siniestralidad laboral entre Comunidades Aut\u00f3nomas de Espa\u00f1a<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row rt_row_background_width=\u00bbdefault\u00bb rt_row_style=\u00bbdefault-style\u00bb rt_row_borders=\u00bb\u00bb rt_row_paddings=\u00bbtrue\u00bb rt_bg_effect=\u00bbclassic\u00bb rt_bg_image_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb rt_bg_size=\u00bbcover\u00bb rt_bg_position=\u00bbright top\u00bb rt_bg_attachment=\u00bbscroll\u00bb rt_bg_video_format=\u00bbself-hosted\u00bb][vc_column rt_wrp_col_paddings=\u00bbfalse\u00bb rt_border_top=\u00bb\u00bb rt_border_bottom=\u00bb\u00bb rt_border_left=\u00bb\u00bb rt_border_right=\u00bb\u00bb rt_border_top_mobile=\u00bb\u00bb rt_border_bottom_mobile=\u00bb\u00bb rt_border_left_mobile=\u00bb\u00bb rt_border_right_mobile=\u00bb\u00bb rt_bg_image_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb rt_bg_size=\u00bbauto auto\u00bb rt_bg_position=\u00bbright top\u00bb rt_bg_attachment=\u00bbscroll\u00bb][vc_column_text css=\u00bb\u00bb]<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

N\u00famero de la Revista: Vol. 35 – n\u00ba 03- Septiembre 2026<\/p>\n

Secci\u00f3n:<\/strong>\u00a0Original<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00edtulo: \u00cdndice de Incidencia Ajustado por Subsectores y Corregido por Infradeclaraci\u00f3n (ICAS): propuesta metodol\u00f3gica para la comparabilidad real de
\nla siniestralidad laboral entre Comunidades Aut\u00f3nomas de Espa\u00f1a
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

Autores:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Jose Ignacio Aguado Martin<\/em><\/strong>(1)<\/sup><\/em><\/strong>, Estrella Extramiana Cameno<\/em><\/strong>(2)<\/sup><\/em><\/strong>, Asan Mollov<\/em><\/strong>(3)<\/sup><\/em><\/strong>,\u00a0 \u00c1lvaro Antonio Castillo Araneda<\/em><\/strong>(4)<\/sup><\/em><\/strong>
\n1<\/sup><\/em>Subdirector de Salud Laboral, Instituto de Salud P\u00fablica y Laboral de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Espa\u00f1a. <\/em>ORCID 0009-0005-3871-7140<\/em>
\n2<\/sup><\/em>Jefa del Servicio Sanitario de Salud Laboral, Instituto de Salud P\u00fablica y Laboral de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, <\/em>\u00a0<\/sup><\/em>Espa\u00f1a. ORCID 0000-0002-7978-5837<\/em>
\n3<\/sup><\/em>M\u00e9dico del Trabajo, Servicio Sanitario de Salud Laboral, Instituto de Salud P\u00fablica y Laboral de Navarra, Pamplona, <\/em>\u00a0<\/sup><\/em>Navarra, Espa\u00f1a. ORCID 0000-0002-5010-7813<\/em>
\n4<\/sup><\/em>Residente Hospital Universitario de Navarra, MIR Unidad Docente Multiprofesional Salud Laboral Pamplona, <\/em>Navarra, Espa\u00f1a. ORCID 0009-0000-3151-9233<\/em><\/p>\n

Correspondencia:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Jose Ignacio Aguado Martin <\/em><\/strong>
\nDirecci\u00f3n postal:\u00a0 Instituto de Salud P\u00fablica y Laboral de Navarra Pol\u00edgono de Landaben C\/ E y F,\u00a0 31012 \u2013 Pamplona
\nCorreo electr\u00f3nico: ji.aguado.martin@navarra.es<\/a><\/p>\n

Palabras Clave<\/strong>: accidente de trabajo; tasa de incidencia; estad\u00edsticas demogr\u00e1ficas; salud laboral; Comunidades; Pol\u00edtica de Salud Ocupacional.<\/p>\n

Keywords<\/strong>: occupational accidents; incidence; Population Characteristics; occupational health; Residence Characteristics; Occupational Health Policy.<\/p>\n

Cita Art\u00edculo<\/strong>: Jose Ignacio Aguado Martin et al. \u00cdndice de Incidencia Ajustado por Subsectores y Corregido por Infradeclaraci\u00f3n (ICAS): propuesta metodol\u00f3gica para la comparabilidad real de la siniestralidad laboral entre Comunidades Aut\u00f3nomas de Espa\u00f1a. Rev Asoc Esp Espec Med Trab 2026; 35(2):335-349<\/p>\n

Acceso al PDF:

PDF del Art\u00edculo<\/strong><\/a><\/div>\n

RESUMEN.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Introducci\u00f3n:<\/strong> Los \u00edndices de incidencia de accidentes de trabajo publicados por el Ministerio de Trabajo y Econom\u00eda Social no controlan la heterogeneidad en la composici\u00f3n sectorial de la poblaci\u00f3n trabajadora ni las diferencias en los patrones de notificaci\u00f3n entre Comunidades Aut\u00f3nomas (CCAA), lo que limita su validez para la comparaci\u00f3n interterritorial.<\/p>\n

Objetivos:<\/strong> Proponer, formalizar y estimar estad\u00edsticamente el \u00cdndice de Incidencia Ajustado por Subsectores y Corregido por Infradeclaraci\u00f3n (ICAS), un indicador compuesto que permite comparar la siniestralidad laboral entre territorios eliminando el sesgo por estructura productiva y el sesgo declarativo.<\/p>\n

Material y M\u00e9todos:<\/strong> Se construy\u00f3 una serie homog\u00e9nea para nueve CCAA aplicando: (1) ajuste por estructura productiva mediante tasas espec\u00edficas desagregadas al nivel de divisiones CNAE-2009 (dos d\u00edgitos), ponderadas con la distribuci\u00f3n est\u00e1ndar de asalariados del a\u00f1o base 2015; (2) correcci\u00f3n por infradeclaraci\u00f3n mediante el factor \u03b2, derivado de la ratio entre accidentes con y sin baja. Se calcularon coeficientes de correlaci\u00f3n de Pearson y Spearman, regresi\u00f3n lineal y pruebas de hip\u00f3tesis pareadas para comprobar estad\u00edsticamente el modelo.<\/p>\n

Resultados:<\/strong> El ICAS modifica de forma significativa el ordenamiento territorial: Navarra (II bruto = 36,89) desciende hasta 23,71, situ\u00e1ndose por debajo de la media nacional, al neutralizarse el peso de los subsectores C24 y C29. La correlaci\u00f3n entre el factor \u03b2 y el ICAS fue muy alta (r = 0,913; p < 0,001), con un coeficiente de determinaci\u00f3n R\u00b2 = 0,834.<\/p>\n

Conclusiones:<\/strong> El ICAS constituye un avance metodol\u00f3gico s\u00f3lido y reproducible para la vigilancia epidemiol\u00f3gica de la siniestralidad laboral en Espa\u00f1a. Permite identificar territorios con infraestructura preventiva deficiente oculta bajo cifras brutas moderadas, y corrige la imagen estad\u00edstica distorsionada de regiones industriales con alta capacidad declarativa. Se proponen extensiones del m\u00e9todo incorporando variables de sexo, edad, nacionalidad y temporalidad contractual.<\/p>\n

Title: <\/strong>ADJUSTED INCIDENCE INDEX BY SUBSECTORS AND CORRECTED FOR UNDER-DECLARATION (ICAS): A METHODOLOGICAL PROPOSAL FOR REAL COMPARABILITY OF OCCUPATIONAL ACCIDENT RATES ACROSS SPANISH <\/strong>AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITIES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Introduction:<\/strong> The incidence rates of work accidents published by the Ministry of Labor and Social Economy do not control the heterogeneity in the sectoral composition of the working population or the differences in accident notification patterns between Autonomous Communities (CCAA), which limits their validity for interterritorial comparison.<\/p>\n

Objectives:<\/strong> To propose, formalize and statistically estimate the Incidence Index Adjusted by Subsectors and Corrected for UnderDeclaration (ICAS), a composite indicator that allows territorial comparisons of workplace accidents free of productive structural bias and declarative bias.<\/p>\n

Material and Methods:<\/strong> A homogeneous series was constructed for nine Autonomous Communities by applying: (1) adjustment by productive structure through specific rates disaggregated at the level of CNAE-2009 divisions (two digits), weighted with the standard employee distribution from the base year 2015; (2) correction for underreporting using the \u03b2 factor, derived from the ratio between accidents with and without sick leave. Pearson and Spearman correlation statistics, linear regression, and paired hypothesis tests were calculated to statistically check the model.<\/p>\n

Results:<\/strong> The ICAS significantly modifies the territorial ranking: Navarra (gross II = 36.89) drops to 23.71, placing it below the national average, as the weight of subsectors C24 and C29 is neutralized. The correlation between the \u03b2 factor and ICAS was very high (r = 0.913; p < 0.001), with a coefficient of determination R\u00b2 = 0.834.<\/p>\n

Conclusions:<\/strong> The ICAS constitutes a solid and reproducible methodological advance for the epidemiological surveillance of workplace accidents in Spain. Its application allows identifying territories with deficient preventive infrastructure hidden under moderate gross figures, and corrects the distorted statistical image of industrial regions with high declarative capacity. Extensions of the method are proposed incorporating variables of sex, age, nationality and contractual temporality.<\/p>\n

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